tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2631070690545985872011-06-12T15:31:07.496-04:00Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.comBlogger161100tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-42373281804203431232008-05-10T13:49:00.003-04:002008-05-10T13:56:48.842-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">I</span>n recent years, history, science, and religion have had a series of increasingly embarrassing encounters. An especially significant, if rarely analyzed, example of this phenomenon is the inaccurate treatment of the current state of Dead Sea Scrolls scholarship in traveling exhibitions being presented all over the United States and elsewhere.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold;"><a href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/dworkin_ethicsofexhibition.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-4237328180420343123?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-81771283842376508032008-04-26T09:46:00.004-04:002008-04-26T09:53:25.497-04:00<div style="text-align: center; font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size:85%;">Americans are increasingly close-minded<br /></span></div><div style="text-align: center; font-style: italic;"><span style="font-size:85%;">and unwilling to listen to opposing views.<br /></span></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">A</span>s dumbness has been defined downward in American public life during the last two decades, one of the most important and frequently overlooked culprits is the public's increasing reluctance to give a fair hearing -- or any hearing at all -- to opposing points of view.<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/jacoby_talkingtoourselves.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-8177128384237650803?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-16854669449170333462008-04-05T14:43:00.002-04:002008-04-05T14:49:34.244-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">I </span>concluded my last post with some rather compressed comments on humour; the laughter of Palaeologus, I wrote, 'is a laughter at that which breaks away from common sense, from judgement, from taste, and from the organic'. These items were not picked at random. They are, in fact, according to Gadamer, in his largely unreadable Truth and Method, the four central concepts of humanism. The humanist, as opposed to the scientist, is not concerned with method: instead he engages in a collective endeavour, guided by tradition and authority, taste and common sense. This post is about the relation of humanism, under this aspect, to the problem of humour, exemplified in the mocking of pedantry.<br /><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/roth_festinalente.htm"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Read Full Article</span></a><br /><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-1685466944917033346?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-91154217407084768302008-04-03T18:09:00.002-04:002008-04-03T18:13:24.152-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">A</span> question that interests me very much (and always has) is this: I know that I do not believe in either any god or any religion, and I can give my reasons in a manner that the other side can at least understand, but can the same be said for those who claim that they do believe? A shorter way of putting this is to ask whether our antagonists in this ancient argument truly mean what they appear to say.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/hitchens_beliefinbelief.htm"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Read Full Article</span></a><br /><br /><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-9115421740708476830?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-80469501972811594122008-03-15T11:14:00.003-04:002008-03-15T11:28:53.460-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">H</span>uman morality springs from evolutionary foundations that were handed down from our pre-human ancestors and can still be seen today in our primate cousins, says noted zoologist Frans de Waal. But these foundations use compassion and caring as well as competition to achieve their evolutionary ends, giving us a more free and flexible vision of human nature, he says in this exclusive interview with Science &amp; Spirit.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/floyd_virtuousspecies.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-8046950197281159412?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-44394263897900310702008-03-09T18:14:00.002-04:002008-03-09T18:18:35.902-04:00<div style="text-align: center;">1. What is a Reformation?<br />Defined from the UDHR 1948 perspective<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">S</span>ince there is no Pope or even, in principle, an organized clergy in Islam, how would we ever know if an Islamic Reformation had taken place? One person’s reformation will be another person’s decadence. My perspective will be from The Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948, which many Muslims still do not accept—indeed several Muslim countries got together in 1981 and issued their own Universal Islamic Declaration of Human Rights, where individual freedoms are denied. Muslims were particularly horrified by Article 18 of the UN Declaration which guarantees the right for anyone to change her or his religion. I think those who do accept the United Nations Declaration would agree that a de facto reformation had taken place in Islamic societies, as for example in Pakistan or Egypt, if the tenor of its major articles were respected, especially the rights of women and non-Muslims, and freedom of thought, conscience, expression, and religion, including the right to change one’s religion, and the right not to believe in any deity; if no person is subjected to cruel punishments such as mutilation of limbs for theft or stoning to death for adultery; if copies of Salman Rushdie’s The Satanic Verses and Ibn Warraq’s Why I Am not a Muslim are freely available...<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/warraq_islamicreformationpossible.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-4439426389790031070?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-19894322965722040042008-03-09T18:01:00.002-04:002008-03-09T18:23:24.166-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">S</span>earching for the real Jesus has been a growth industry and an obsession for several decades now. We read about “discovering” the tomb of Joseph and Mary the way medieval pilgrims heard that the head of John the Baptist had just surfaced in a French cathedral. The difference is that modern Christians want scientific, historical proof that Jesus walked the earth, and for many believers such proof supports their conviction that the New Testament is literally true in every detail.<br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/chopra_newjesus.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-1989432296572204004?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-34733321053297941452008-03-09T17:57:00.001-04:002008-03-09T17:59:33.723-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">T</span>he battle for secularism has leaped to center stage worldwide; we find it being contested or defended everywhere. Of the world's fifty-seven Islamic countries, virtually all except Turkey and Tunisia attempt to safeguard or enact Islamic law (sharia) as embodied in the Qur'an. Radical Islamists wage jihad against the secular society. Pope Benedict XVI rails against secularism, portraying it as the major challenge to Roman Catholicism. There have been attempts in Eastern Europe to reestablish the Eastern Orthodox Church. In the United States, the religious Right and its spokespersons—among them Pat Buchanan, Bill O'Reilly, George Weigel, and Newt Gingrich—vociferously castigate secularism. Mitt Romney claims that freedom requires religion (since when?). He says nothing about the rights of unbelievers in America and accuses them of wishing to establish "the religion of secularism." Regrettably, leading Democratic candidates have thus far remained silent rather than defend the secular society for fear of antagonizing religious supporters. Nevertheless, secularism is growing; it is essential for flourishing vibrant, pluralistic, democratic societies and especially important in today's developing countries...<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/kurtz_multisecularism.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-3473332105329794145?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-22307552730432609062008-03-09T17:52:00.000-04:002008-03-09T17:54:16.827-04:00<div style="text-align: center;"> on the battle for the soul of a science<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">P</span>hysics is beset by serious problems, and it is so because of physics. By the first use of the word “physics” here I mean a set of scientific theories about the structure and properties of the material universe, and by the second I mean the human endeavour of enquiry which produces, examines and develops those theories. Call them physics-1 and physics-2 respectively.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/grayling_badvibrations.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-2230755273043260906?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-81462701756509233332008-03-09T17:45:00.002-04:002008-03-09T17:49:23.353-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">P</span>erhaps Rowan Williams, the Archbishop of Canterbury thought his statement about Sharia Law would be received enthusiastically as well-intended and an effort to reduce racial tensions in the society. However, his proposal got him into trouble. He was attacked from right and left. Those who saw their “white Christian culture” under threat asked for his resignation. Women’s rights activists, secularists and such like attacked him for the negative effects of Sharia Law on human rights, particularly the disastrous effects of such a practice on women in so-called Muslim communities. In response to harsh criticism he tried to qualify his proposal by stating that he did not mean the whole Sharia Law, but in family matters. He has just missed the point...<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/majedi_onthearchbishops8march.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-8146270175650923333?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-47190327277941286392008-03-09T17:38:00.003-04:002008-03-09T22:48:30.766-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">I</span>t is not surprising that decent, sceptical people, observing the revival in our time of superstitious cults, the conflict between secular freedoms and religious edicts, and the murderousness of radical Islamism, should be receptive to the anti-religious polemics of Richard Dawkins, Christopher Hitchens and others. The "sleep of reason" has brought forth monsters, just as Goya foretold in his engraving. How are we to rectify this, except through a wake-up call to reason, of the kind that the evangelical atheists are now shouting from their pulpits?<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/scruton_sacredandthehuman.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-4719032727794128639?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com3tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-36854341894150060192008-03-09T17:32:00.004-04:002008-03-09T17:57:12.159-04:00<blockquote><span style="font-size:100%;">A</span>merican culture's overemphasis on happiness misses an essential part of a full life</blockquote><blockquote></blockquote><div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">O</span>urs are ominous times. We are on the verge of eroding away our ozone layer. Within decades we could face major oceanic flooding. We are close to annihilating hundreds of exquisite animal species. Soon our forests will be as bland as pavement. Moreover, we now find ourselves on the verge of a new cold war.<br /><br />But there is another threat, perhaps as dangerous: We are eradicating a major cultural force, the muse behind much art and poetry and music. We are annihilating melancholia.<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/wilson_inpraiseof.htm"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Read Full Article</span></a><br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-3685434189415006019?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-19960723029470855762008-03-09T17:25:00.001-04:002008-03-09T17:29:42.819-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">T</span>he Economist recently published a colour supplement titled "In God's Name: A Special Report on Religion and Public Life" (3 November 2007). The accompanying leading article included a rueful admission: "The Economist was so confident of the Almighty's demise that we published His obituary in our millennium issue." There is an almost palpable sense of discomfort at a leading international journal finding itself confronted with the unexpected resurgence of religion as a newsworthy topic which merits serious debate...<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/beattie_endofpostmodernism.htm"><span style="font-weight: bold;">Read Full Article</span></a><br /><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-1996072302947085576?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-47319058592555337922008-03-09T16:57:00.002-04:002008-03-09T17:05:16.214-04:00<div style="text-align: center;">I<br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">In Rabindranath Tagore's novel, The Home and the World, the young wife Bimala, entranced by the patriotic rhetoric of her husband's friend Sandip, becomes an eager devotee of the Swadeshi movement, which has organized a boycott of foreign goods. The slogan of the movement is Bande Mataram, "Hail Motherland." Bimala complains that her husband, the cosmopolitan Hindu landlord Nikhil, is cool in his devotion to the cause:<br /><br /><div style="text-align: justify;">And yet it was not that my husband refused to support Swadeshi, or was in any way against the Cause. Only he had not been able whole-heartedly to accept the spirit of Bande Mataram.<br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><blockquote>'I am willing,' he said, to serve my country; but my worship I reserve for Right which is far greater than my country. To worship my country as a god is to bring a curse upon it.'</blockquote></div></div><div style="text-align: justify;">Americans have frequently supported the principle of Bande Mataram, giving the fact of being American a special salience in moral and political deliberation, and pride in a specifically American identity and a specifically American citizenship a special power among the motivations to political action...<br /></div><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/nussbaum_taylor_patriotism.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-4731905859255533792?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-66369916540669402872008-03-09T16:46:00.004-04:002008-03-09T16:54:02.832-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">T</span>he humorist Alan Coren was told by his publisher that if he wanted to write a bestseller it should be about sport or pets. So he wrote a book called Golfing for Cats. Today I suspect his publisher would tell him to attack religion. Atheism sells.<br /><br />First The End of Faith by Sam Harris was a success in the US. Then came Daniel Dennett's Breaking the Spell, Richard Dawkins's The God Delusion and A. C. Grayling's Against all Gods. And now Christopher Hitchens's God is not Great is high in the charts both sides of the Atlantic.<br /><br /></div><div style="text-align: justify;">There have been, of course, various ecclesiastical ripostes, usually that atheism is itself a faith and you can have secular fundamentalists as well as religious ones. This is fine if we enjoy knockabout polemics, but if we are honest, it's not good enough.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/sacks_canwereally.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-6636991654066940287?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-263107069054598587.post-78219485734841411632008-03-09T16:33:00.001-04:002008-03-09T16:39:17.360-04:00<div style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size:180%;">T</span>he Enlightenment made explicit what had long been implicit in the intellectual life of Europe: the belief that rational inquiry leads to objective truth. Even those Enlightenment thinkers who distrusted reason, like Hume, and those who tried to circumscribe its powers, like Kant, never relinquished their confidence in rational argument. Hume opposed the idea of a rational morality; but he justified the distinction between right and wrong in terms of a natural science of the emotions, taking for granted that we could discover the truth about human nature and build on that firm foundation. Kant may have dismissed "pure reason" as a tissue of illusions, but he elevated practical reason in the place of it, arguing for the absolute validity of the moral law. For the ensuing 200 years, reason retained its position as the arbiter of truth and the foundation of objective knowledge.<br /><br /><div style="text-align: center;"><a style="font-weight: bold;" href="http://www.spinozaslens.com/libet/articles/scruton_whateverhappened.htm">Read Full Article</a><br /></div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer"><img width='1' height='1' src='https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/tracker/263107069054598587-7821948573484141163?l=spinozaslens.blogspot.com' alt='' /></div>Spinoza's Lensnoreply@blogger.com0